Risk Factor Analysis of Cataracts in Primary Health Center
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11594/ojkmi.v6i2.71Keywords:
cataract, risk factors, public health centerAbstract
Introduction: Cataracts are still one of the causes of blindness worldwide. Indonesia is known for the highest cataract prevalence in Southeast Asia. Therefore, early detection is vital to slow the progression of visual impairment caused by cataracts, thereby increasing the quality of life, especially in the elderly. We aimed to analyze risk factors of cataract incidence at the Sumberasih Public Health Center.
Method: A retrospective analytical study was conducted with a total of 100 samples that were divided equally into a cataract group and a control group. The data was analyzed using the SPSS program.
Result: A majority of cataract subjects are women (62%), pre-elderly (40%), working exposed to UV sun rays (60%), cigarette smoke (78%), and having abnormal body mass index (58%). We found that gender, UV exposure based on occupation, hypertension history, cigarette smoke exposure, and body mass index were significantly correlated to cataract incidence, respectively, p = 0.009, p = 0.016, p = 0.037, p < 0.001, and p = 0.045. The Chi-square test results p < 0.025 were followed by logistic regression, and gender was the most influential risk factor of cataract incidence, approximately 4.050 times (CI 95%: 1.427 - 11.498).
Conclusion: Cataracts can be caused by several risk factors. Hopefully, risk factors discovered as early as possible can reduce the risk of developing cataracts.
Downloads
References
World Health Organization. Eye care in health systems: guide for action. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2022.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Peta jalan penanggulangan gangguan penglihatan di Indonesia tahun 2017-2030. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2017.
Wicitra RK, Zamzam M, Cahyani F. Studi deskriptif gambaran mengenai kasus katarak dan refraksi di Provinsi Jawa Timur tahun 2022. Jenggala. 2023;2(1):37-48.
Nuzzi R, Caselgrandi. Sex hormones and their effects on ocular disorders and pathophysiology: current aspects and our experiences. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(6):3269.
Jiang B, Wu T, Liu W, Liu G, Lu P. Changing trends in the global burden of cataract over the past 30 years: retrospective data analysis of the global burden of disease study 2019. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2023;9:e47349.
Sarkar D, Sharma R, Singh P, Verma V, Karkhur S, Verma S, et al. Age-related cataract - prevalence, epidemiological pattern and emerging risk factors in a cross-sectional study from central India. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2023;71(5):1905-12.
Hugosson M, Ekstrom C. Prevalence and risk factors for age-related cataract in Sweden. Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences. 2020;125(4):311-5.
Mahendra IGBS, Andari MY. The effect of exposure to ultraviolet rays of the sun on cataract occurrence in residents in coastal areas. Science Midwifery. 2022;10(4):3219-24.
Sari AD, Masriadi, Arman. Faktor risiko kejadian katarak pada pasien usia 40-55 tahun di Rumah Sakit Pertamina Balikpapan. Window of Health. 2018;1(2):61-7.
Wati L, Atrie UY, Widiastuti L, Siagian Y, Sitindaon SH, Nirnasari M, et al. Pencegahan katarak dengan penyuluhan kesehatan dan deteksi dini kejadian katarak pada nelayan pesisir Daerah Kawal Pantai Bintan Kepulauan Riau. JAMSI. 2023;3(4):1117-24.
Tan AG, Kifley A, Flood VM, Holliday EG, Scott RJ, Cumming RG, et al. Evaluating the associations between obesity and age-related cataract: a Mendelian randomization study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2019;110(4):969-76.
Zhang Z, Wang W, Yang G, Ha J, Tan X, Shang X, et al. Body mass index is not associated with early onset cataract in the 45 and up cohort study. ATM. 2021;9(22):1640.
Mylona I, Dermenoudi M, Ziakas N, Tsinopoulos I. Hypertension is the prominent risk Factor in cataract patients. Medicina. 2019;55(8):430.
Harun HM, Abdullah AZ, Salmah U. Pengaruh diabetes, hipertensi, merokok dengan kejadian katarak di Balai Kesehatan Mata Makassar. JKesV. 2020;5(1):45-52.
Xu X, Lyu D, Dong X, He J, Yao K. Hypertension and risk of cataract: a meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(12):1-17.
Mrugacz M, Pony-Uram M, Bryl A, Zorena K. Current approach to the pathogenesis of diabetic cataracts. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023;24(7):6317.
Zhang H, Xiu X, Xue A, Yang Y, Yang Y, Zhao H. Mendelian randomization study reveals a population-specific putative causal effect of yype 2 diabetes in risk of cataract. Int J Epidemiol. 2022;6(50):2024-37.
Karimi S, Nouri H, Mahmpudinejad-Azar S, Abtahi S. Smoking and environmental tobacco smoke exposure: implications in ocular disorders. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2022;42(1):1-7.
Downloads
Submitted
Accepted
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Oftalmologi Jurnal Kesehatan Mata Indonesia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a 